Pengaruh aditif terhadap karakteristik membran elektrolit polieter-eter keton tersulfonasi untuk aplikasi sel bahan bakar metanol langsung

Sri Handayani, Eniya Listiani Dewi, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto, Roekmijati W. Soemantojo

Abstract


The influence of the additive on the characteristics of the sulfonated polyether-ether ketone electrolyte membrane for direct methanol fuel cell applications

The weakness of comercial membrane (Nafion-117) for the application of direct methanol fuel cell is highly methanol cross-over. It is decreasing the cell voltage. To minimize the methanol cross-over in a membrane, there are two methods can beproposed: the modification of conventional membrane structure (Nafion-117) and development of novel electrolyte membrane (and modified). PEEK can be used as one of alternatives for  direct methanol fuel cell membranes. This PEEK polymer has the stability of chemistry mechanic and thermal. In order to increase ionic conductivity and to decrease methanol permeability. It is necessary to make the modification of sulfonated polyether-ether ketone (sPEEK) with adding higroscopic inorganic additives (SiO2 and  H-zeolit). The type of additive which can increase ionic conductivity for sPEEK membrane is SiO2 (3 wt.%) 2 times, and decrease ionic conductivity 1,7 times for H-zeolite. Methanol permeability of membrane sPEEK with silica added increase 5 times and H-zeolite 2 times compared to sPEEK membrane without additive. Although composite membrane have increasing methanol permeability but that values are still lower than Nafion-117. Conclusion, the addition of SiO2 as additives has given best performance 0,09 S/cm ionic conductivity, 10-7 cm2/S methanol permeability dan 17 wt.% water swelling.

Keywords: Additive, Direct Methanol Fuel Cell, Polyether-Ether Ketone, SiO2, H-Zeolite



Abstrak

Kelemahan membran komersial (Nafion-117) untuk aplikasi sel bahan bakar metanol langsung (direct methanol fuel cell) adalah methanol crossover yang tinggi, hal tersebut yang dapat menurunkan kinerja voltase sel secara keseluruhan. Dalam rangka mengurangi methanol crossover melalui membran, ada dua pendekatan yaitu modifikasi struktur membran konvensional (Nafion) atau pengembangan membran polimer elektrolit (dan modifikasi). Salah satu polimer aromatik yang menarik perhatian sebagai membran elektrolit pada aplikasi DMFC adalah polieter-eter keton (PEEK) karena polimer tersebut mempunyai kestabilan kimia, mekanik dan panas. Agar dapat meningkatkan konduktivitas ionik dan menurunkan permeabilitas metanol dilakukan modifikasi pada polieter-eter keton tersulfonasi (sPEEK) yaitu dengan menambahkan aditif anorganik yang bersifat higroskopik (SiO2 dan H-zeolit) Jenis aditif yang dapat meningkatkan konduktivitas ionik untuk membran elektrolit adalah SiO2 (3% berat) yaitu  sebesar 2 kali, sedangkan H-zeolit menurunkan konduktivitas ionik sebesar 1,7 kali. Permeabilitas metanol membran sPEEK yang ditambahkan SiO2 naik hingga 5x sedangkan yang ditambahkan H-zeolit hanya 2 kali dari membran sPEEK tanpa aditif. Walaupun membran komposit meningkatkan permeabilitas metanol tetapi nilai tersebut masih dibawah membran Nafion-117. Jadi penambahan aditif yang baik dalam membran berbasis polieter-eter keton tersulfonasi adalah SiO2 yang mempunyai konduktivitas ionik 0,09 S/cm, permeabilitas metanol 10-7 cm2/S dan swelling air 17%.

Kata kunci : Aditif, Polieter-Eter Keton, Sci Bahan Bakar Metanol Langsung, SiO,, H-Zeolit


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2007.6.1.4

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