Peningkatan efisiensi penggunaan koagulan pada unit pengolahan air limbah batu bara

Misri Gozan, Praswasti PDK Wulan, Hardi Putra

Abstract


Coagulant efficiency improvement for coal waste water treatment.

Wastewater from coal processing plant (CPP) might dissolve hazardous particles to the environment. Coagulant was used at wastewater treatment in Kalimantan coal industry in an open pond so that coagulation and precipitation were not optimal. This research was aimed to improve the coagulant performance. Wastewater samples taken from the field were tested by using Jar Tests to compare the performance of coagulants. Coagulant used were alum, Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) and Nalcolyte 8100 with the needs of 18.65 kg alum (50 ppm), 57.6 liters of PAC (150 ppm) and Nalcolyte 1.865 liter (5 ppm) at wastewater flow rate of 4.31 L/s. Jar Test results showed that the resulting sediment of alum and PAC were not stable and required substantial time to settle. Particle size sediment produced by using 8100 Nalcolyte was large enough so that the deposition process was faster and not easily susceptible to interference. Pool dredging or cleaning time for alum (50 ppm), PAC (150 ppm) and Nalcolyte 8100 (5 ppm) were 4, 4 and 6 days, respectively.

Key words: precipitation, coagulant, wastewater treatment ponds, coal.

 

Abstrak

Air limbah dari proses pengolahan batubara berpotensi merusak lingkungan karena melarutkan partikel yang mengandung B3. Penggunaan koagulan dalam salah satu kolam pengolahan air limbah industri batubara di Kalimantan dibuat pada tanah galian terbuka sehingga koagulasi dan presipitasi tidak optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperbaiki unjuk kerja penggunaan koagulan pada pengolahan air limbah dan modifikasi kolam pengolahan. Sampel air limbah diambil dari lapangan dan dilakukan Jar Tes untuk membandingkan kinerja koagulan. Koagulan yang digunakan adalah tawas, Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) dan Nalcolyte 8100 sebesar 18,65 kg tawas (50 ppm); 57,6 Liter PAC (150 ppm); dan 1,865 Liter Nalcolyte (5 ppm) pada laju alir air limbah 4,31 L/dtk. Hasil Jar Tes menunjukkan endapan yang dihasilkan tawas dan PAC bersifat tidak stabil dan membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama untuk mengendap. Ukuran partikel endapan dengan Nalcolyte 8100 cukup besar sehingga proses pengendapan menjadi lebih cepat dan tidak mudah mengalami gangguan. Waktu pengerukan atau pembersihan kolam untuk koagulan tawas (50 ppm), PAC (150 ppm) dan Nalcolyte 8100 (5 ppm)  masing-masing adalah 4, 4 dan 6 hari sekali, secara berurutan.

Kata kunci: pengendapan, koagulan, kolam pengolahan air limbah, batubara.


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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2009.8.2.2

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