Pembuatan glukosa secara enzimatik dari bahan baku pati sagu

S Saraswati, Ida Rosidah, Yuli Hapsari

Abstract


Sago (Metroxylon. sp) as a potential resources of starch, have not been optimally utilized. Up to now, sago starch is mostly used for food and for substitution of wheat starch. The high starch content of sago might be utilized for glucose syrup production. An experiment study has been carried out to convert sago starch to glucose by hydro/isis process using enzymes. The enzymatic hydro/isis consisted of liquification process using-amylase enzyme and saccharification process with glucoamylase enzyme. Variables of this experiment were starch concentration (25% DS; 30% DS; and 35% DS), -amilase concentration (0.5; 1.5; 2.0 ml/kg DS), glucoamilase concentration (1.0; 1.5; 2.0; ml/kg DS), and saccharification time (48 hours; 72 hours; 96 hours). The temperature of liquification process was 105°C for 5 minutes and continued at 95°C, while the saccharification process was 60oC. The result of the experiment showed that the highest conversion of sago starch was 98.90% DE. It was achieved by process condition of 30% DS sago starch concentration, -amilase enzyme 1ml/kg DS, glucoamylase enzyme 2 ml/kg DS and 72 hours saccharification time.

Key Words: Sago Starch, Hydrolisis, -amilase Enzyme, Glucoamylase Enzyme, Glucose

 

Abstrak

 

Sagu (Metroxylon. sp) merupakan sumber pati yang cukup potensial di Indonesia, pada dasarnya belum di manfaatkan secara optimal. Penggunaan tepung sagu sejauh ini untuk bahan makanan atau campuran tepung terigu dalam pembuatan makanan. Kandungan pati yang cukup tinggi dalam sagu memungkinkan untuk produksi sirup glukosa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menghidrolisa pati sagu menjadi glukosa dengan mempergunakan enzim. Hidrolisa enzim terdiri dari dua tahap yaitu proses liquifikasi dengan enzim-amilase dan proses  sakarifikasi dengan enzim glukoamilase. Variabelpada penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi pati (25% DS; 30% DS; dan 35% DS), konsentrasi enzim -amilase (0.5; 1.5; 2.0 ml/kg DS ), konsentrasi glukoamilase (1.0; 1.5; 2.0; ml/kg DS), dan waktu sakarifikasi (48jam, 72jam, 96jam). Proses liquifikasi berlangsung pada suhu 105°C selama 5 menit, kemudian dilanjutkan pada suhu 95oC hingga uji pati negatif, sedangkan proses sakarifikasi berlangsungpada suhu 60°C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konversi pati sagu yang tertinggi adalah 98.90% DE yang diperoleh dari kondisi konsentrasi pati sagu 30% DS dengan penambahan enzim-amilase 1 ml/kg DS, enzim glukoamilase 2 ml/kg DS dan waktu sakarifikasi 72jam.

 

Kata Kunci: Pati Sagu, Hidrolisa, Enzim -amilase, Enzim Glukoamilase, Glukosa


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2004.3.1.8

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