Aplikasi teknologi elektrolisis plasma pada proses produksi Klor-Alkali
Abstract
Plasma electrolysis technology applications in Chlor-Alkali process production
Chlor-alkali industry sector is one of the important industrial sectorsin chemical industry. However, the chlor-alkali industry is one of the industry sectors that consume the most electrical energy due to the production using the methodof electrolysis. Plasma electrolysis is an electrolysis process with high voltage so that produce the glow discharge plasma in electrolyte solution. This method can be applied in the production of chlor-alkali and can reduce energy consumption several times. This research is aimed to observe the plasma electrolysis method in producing chlorine gas and also to measure the electricity consumption needed in chlor-alkali production process. This study was conducted by using plasma electrolysis reactor equipped by electrodes and cooling system. Process variables observed are voltage, NaCl concntration, and anode depth. Result of this research shows that the increase of all variables will cause the increase of chlorine gas production. The highest chlorine gas production is 1.44 mmol for 15 minutes at 400 V and 0.15 M NaCl solution where the anode position is at the surface of solution. Energy consumption of the process reaches 284 kJ/mmol Cl2, which is 38 times lower than electrolysis process in the same reactor configuration.
Keywords: electrolysis, plasma electrolysis, production of chlor-alkali
Abstrak
Industri klor-alkali merupakan salah satu industri penting dalam industri kimia dengan konsumsi energi listrik yang tinggi karena proses produksinya menggunakan metode elektrolisis. Elektrolisis plasma merupakan proses elektrolisis dengan tegangan yang jauh lebih tinggi sehingga terbentuk lecutan api listrik pada larutan elektrolit. Metode ini dapat diterapkan dalam aplikasi produksi klor-alkali dan mampu mengurangi konsumsi energi listrik hingga beberapa kali lipat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji metode elektrolisis plasma dalam menghasilkan gas klor serta mengukur konsumsi energi listrik yang dibutuhkan dalam proses produksi klor-alkali. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan reaktor elektrolisis plasma yang telah dilengkapi elektroda dan sistem pendingin. Variabel proses yang diamati meliputi tegangan, konsentrasi NaCl, dan kedalaman anoda. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan kenaikan produksi gas klor dengan meningkatnya tegangan, konsentrasi NaCl dan kedalaman anoda. Produksi gas klor tertinggi adalah sebesar 1,44 mmol yang diperoleh selama 15 menit proses pada tegangan 400 V dan konsentrasi NaCl 0,15 M dimana posisi anoda pada permukaan larutan. Konsumsi energi listrik mencapai 284 kJ/mmol Cl2 yang berarti 38 kali lebih rendah dibanding proses elektrolisis dalam konfigurasi reaktor yang sama.
Kata kunci: elektrolisis, elektrolisis plasma, produksi klor-alkali
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2012.11.3.3
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